Orally administered anti-<i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 chicken egg yolk antibodies reduce fecal shedding of the pathogen by ruminants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spray-dried whole egg prepared from eggs laid by non-immunized hens (EG) or hens immunized with the C-terminal domain of Escherichia coli O157:H7 intimin (EG-IgY) was fed to experimentally inoculated sheep, to investigate the efficacy of orally administered polyclonal anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibodies (IgY) for reducing the duration and level of fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by ruminants. Thirty Canadian Arcott ram lambs were orally inoculated on day 0 with 10 10 colony-forming units (CFU) of a three-strain mixture of nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli O157:H7. On each of days 2, 3 and 4, the rams (n = 6) were fed 100 g of EG and/or EG-IgY in proportions of 100:0 (CON), 0:100 (HIGH), 50:50 (MED), or 75:25 (LOW). A fifth treatment (denoted variable, VAR) comprised feeding HIGH, MED and LOW on days 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Fecal samples collected on 19 occasions over 85 d (4 × in the first wk; 2×/wk for 3 wk; and 1×/wk for 9 wk) were assessed for E. coli O157:H7 by direct plating or enrichment and immunomagnetic separation. Throughout the 85 d, numbers of E. coli O157:H7 shed by the rams were lower (P < 0.001) in HIGH and MED than in CON, and the duration of shedding was shorter (P < 0.005) in HIGH than in CON. Fewer (P < 0.005) samples were culture-positive in HIGH than in CON. Oral dosing of specific IgY has potential to decrease the duration and level of fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by ruminants. Key words: E. coli O157:H7, egg-yolk IgY, fecal shedding, immunotherapy, ruminants, sheep
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".