Bibliographic record
Abstract
A possible realization of Hall conductivity, quantized at odd integer factors of ${e}^{2}/h$ for graphene's honeycomb lattice is proposed. I argue that, in the presence of uniform real and pseudo-magnetic fields, the valley degeneracy from the higher Landau levels can be removed. A pseudo-magnetic field may arise from bulging or stretching of the graphene flake. This may lead to observation of plateaus in the Hall conductivity at quantized values $f{e}^{2}/h$, with $f=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3,\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5$ etc., which have not been observed in measurement of Hall conductivity. However, in a collection of noninteracting Dirac fermions living in the honeycomb lattice subject to real and pseudo field, the zeroth Landau level still enjoys the valley and the spin degeneracy. Upon including the Zeeman coupling, the spin degeneracy is removed from all the Landau levels. The effects of short ranged electron-electron interactions are also considered, particularly, the onsite Hubbard repulsion (U) and the nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion (V). Within the framework of the extended Hubbard model with only those two components of finite ranged Coulomb repulsion, it is shown that infinitesimally weak interactions can place the system in a gapped insulating phase by developing a ferrimegnatic order, if $U\ensuremath{\gg}V$. Therefore, one may expect to see the plateaus in the Hall conductivity at all the integer values, $f=0,\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1,\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2,\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3,...$. Scaling behavior of interaction induced gap at $f=1$ in presence of finite pseudo flux is also addressed. Qualitative discussion on finite size effects and behavior of the interaction induced gap when the restriction on uniformity of the fields are relaxed, is presented as well. Possible experimental set up that can test relevance of our theory has been proposed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".