Pd PEPPSI‐IPr‐Mediated Reactions in Metal‐Coated Capillaries Under MACOS: The Synthesis of Indoles by Sequential Aryl Amination/ Heck Coupling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A method has been devised for the microwave-assisted, continuous-flow preparation of indole alkaloids by a two-step aryl amination/cross-coupling sequence of bromoalkenes and 2-bromoanilines. This process requires both the presence of a metal-lined flow tube (a 1180 micron capillary) and the Pd PEPPSI-IPr catalyst; without either, the catalyst or the film, there is zero turnover of this catalytic process. A silver film has been shown to provide some conversion (48-62 %), but optimal results (quantitative) across a variety of bromoalkenes and bromoanilines were achieved by using a highly porous palladium film. Possible roles for the Pd film are considered, as is the interplay of the catalyst and the film.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".