Impact of Micro-Droplets on Superhydrophobic and Hydrophilic Surfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ice accretion is a major threat to all exposed structures such as wind turbines, overhead power cables, offshore structures and aircrafts. Such deposition starts by an impact of water droplets of different sizes on the surface of the exposed structure. This work aims to shed more light on the difference in the dynamics occurring upon the impact of microdroplets on substrates with various wettabilities, hydrophilic (aluminum) and Superhydrophobic (Aluminum + WX2100) surfaces. Experiments are conducted on a wide range of diameters, between cloud sized droplets with diameters ranging down to 20μm, and 10 times larger droplets with a diameter of 250 μm. A comparison in the impact (through deformation) results is made all through the wide range and explained using the two extremes. This is done experimentally by analyzing the maximum spread diameter on the hydrophillic surface and superhydrophobic surface and maximum height as a function of time on the hydrophillic surface. Both parameters are visualized experimentally, simulated numerically for the same impact velocities and then results are compared for verification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".