An examination of the mechanical properties of the annulus fibrosus: The effect of vibration on the intra-lamellar matrix strength
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vibration has been associated with low back pain and disc herniation; however the mechanism responsible for this association is unclear. It is theorized that herniation propagates through annular layers via clefts that form in the extracellular matrix between collagen fibres (intra-lamellar matrix) within each lamella. The effect of cyclic compressive loading at 5 Hz, applied to porcine functional spine units, on the mechanical properties of excised single annular lamellae was examined. These lamellae were tested under tension applied perpendicular to the collagen fibre orientation, effectively isolating the intra-lamellar matrix. Vibration affected the deformation magnitude at the end of the toe region of the stress-stretch ratio curve; specifically vibrated tissues showed larger toe regions (stretch ratio of 1.50 as compared to 1.31 observed in the control tissues, p=0.027). It is hypothesized that this result may be due to damaged elastin-a protein responsible for minimizing deformation and assisting with returning tissues to normal length following tension.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".