Feasibility of increased biogas production from the co-digestion of agricultural, municipal, and agro-industrial wastes in rural communities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In rural communities, such as Olds, Alberta (population 7248) energy may be produced through anaerobic co-digestion of municipal, agricultural, and agro-industrial wastes. An inventory within a 20 km radius of Olds revealed that 291 000 tonnes of wet organic waste are generated annually (96.8% manure) with an electrical potential of 42 GWh (1 GWh = 10 6 kWh). Analysis of feedlot, hog, dairy and poultry manure, offal, food, grass, and biosolids identified the potential for waste blending to optimize solids content, nutrient balance, and pH level. In laboratory tests, biogas yield increased from 0.382 m 3 /kg volatile solid (VS) for feedlot manure alone to 0.513, 0.517, and 0.500 m 3 /kg VS with co-digestion of 30% hog manure, 15% offal, and 30% offal, respectively. Methane content of biogas increased from 75.8% in feedlot manure digestion to 78.8, 79.5, and 80.9% with co-digestion of 30% hog manure, 15% offal, and 30% offal, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".