Properties of volcanic scoria based lightweight concrete
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The results of investigations on the suitability of using volcanic scoria (VS) as coarse aggregate in lightweight concrete production are reported. Tests were conducted on concrete by replacing 0–100% of coarse crushed gravel aggregate by volume. The physical properties of volcanic scoria were critically reviewed to evaluate the possible influence on both the fresh and hardened state of concrete. The properties of VS concrete using different percentages of VS aggregate were evaluated by conducting a comprehensive series of tests on workability, strength, drying shrinkage, surface absorption and water permeability. It is concluded that the VS concrete has sufficient strength and adequate density to be accepted as structural lightweight concrete. However, compared with the control concrete, the VS concrete has a lower modulus of elasticity, and higher permeability and initial surface absorption.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it