Ontogenic increase of metabolic carbon in freshwater mussel shells (<i>Pyganodon cataracta</i>)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Incorporation of isotopically light metabolic carbon (C M ) can obscure carbon isotope records of dissolved inorganic carbon from biogenic carbonates. Ontogenic increases of C M are common in marine bivalved mollusks, likely reflecting increasing absolute metabolism with increasing body size. Here we use shell aragonite from four specimens of Pyganodon cataracta to test if the same is true in freshwater bivalves. Annual δ 18 O aragonite values were not different between individuals suggesting that the aragonite samples represent the same time interval. δ 13 C aragonite , however, showed an ontogenic decrease, with a strong linear relationship between shell height (H in mm) and %C M (R 2 = 0.96; %C M = 0.23*H + 13.33), indicating that more C M is incorporated into larger shells. We estimate that between 15 and 35% of shell carbon is derived from metabolic CO 2 . Nevertheless, this vital effect does not exclude the use of δ 13 C aragonite records from freshwater shells as environmental proxies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".