Additive effects of isoflavones and exercise training on inflammatory cytokines and body composition in overweight and obese postmenopausal women
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Isoflavones and exercise have been shown to affect C-reactive protein (CRP) and body composition and to act synergistically on trunk and total fat mass (FM), glucose metabolism, and lean body mass in postmenopausal women with a body mass index higher than 25 kg/m. We hypothesized that exercise and isoflavone supplementation (Ex + ISO) could reduce inflammation in the same subpopulation of women. The objective of this study was to investigate if 6 months of mixed exercise combined with isoflavones could have greater effects on specific inflammatory markers than exercise alone in overweight or obese postmenopausal women. METHODS: Thirty-four postmenopausal women aged 50 to 70 years were randomly assigned to exercise and placebo (Ex + PLA; n = 15) or Ex + ISO (n = 19). At baseline and after 6 months, waist circumference, hip circumference, total FM, trunk FM, leg FM, and muscle mass index (MMI; = total fat free mass [kg] / height [m]) were assessed (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry). Inflammatory markers (CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], and interleukin-6) were obtained by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. T tests were used to compare groups at baseline. RESULTS: The Ex + PLA group showed significant changes in MMI (+0.33 kg/m, P ≤ 0.009) and FM compartments (waist circumference, -5.13 cm; % FM, -1.31%; P ≤ 0.001), whereas inflammation remained unchanged. However, the Ex + ISO group showed significant changes in total FM (-1.70 kg, P < 0.0001), FM compartments (hip circumference [-2.51 cm, P = 0.019], leg FM [-1.16 kg, P = 0.037], and trunk FM [-0.72 kg, P = 0.006]), MMI (+0.39 kg, P = 0.011), and inflammation (CRP, -1.14 mg/L, P = 0.029; TNF-α, +0.29 pg/mL, P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Despite an increase in TNF-α, the use of isoflavones-when body weight remains stable-seems to enhance the beneficial effects of mixed-exercise training on body composition and CRP in overweight or obese postmenopausal women.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it