Correlation between circulatory, local prostatic, and intra‐prostatic androgen levels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Testosterone is converted to the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the prostate. DHT and androgen metabolites are inactivated by uridine diphospho (UDP)-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) enzymes. Here we have studied the influence of the prostate gland on the systemic levels of DHT. Moreover, genetic variation in androgen metabolizing UGT enzymes and the intra-prostatic levels of glucuronidated DHT metabolites were investigated. METHODS: We collected peripheral serum, serum from the local prostatic veins and prostatic tissue from 25 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. The serum and intra-tissular level of different androgen metabolites were determined by immunological assays and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), respectively. RESULTS: We found a significant positive correlation between the local prostatic serum DHT levels and (a) prostate weight and (b) circulatory serum levels. There were no correlation between in intra-prostatic hormonal levels and local DHT serum levels. The DHT metabolite 3α-diol-17-glucuronide and 3α-diol-3-glucuronide were significantly associated with UGT2B17 deletion and UGT2B15 Asp85Tyr polymorphisms, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that local prostatic DHT production has an influence on systemic serum DHT levels. Moreover, our results support the evidence that the prostate is the main DHT producer and that UGTs are important in the intra-prostatic regulation of androgens.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".