Spectroscopic Study of Tempo-Oxidized Deinked Pulp
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Deinked pulps are not currently used in value-added paper manufacturing. To implement their use, both strength and optical properties must be improved. TEMPO oxidation has been shown to improve strength properties of thermomechanical and deinked pulps. However, a significant reduction of the pulp brightness results due to yellowing of mechanical fibers. Spectroscopic techniques were used to investigate the effect of TEMPO oxidation on deinked fiber properties. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and UV/VIS spectrum showed that oxidation conditions are driving important chemical reactions that affect optical properties. Results indicated that ortho-quinone compounds as well as carboxylic groups are generated depending on oxidation conditions resulting in pulp brightness decrease. Spectroscopic studies also revealed that residual ink detachment from fiber surfaces is occurring during oxidation contributing to improve pulp brightness.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".