Morphological Changes in the Placentas of Smoking Mothers: A Histomorphometric Study
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The morphological changes in the functional structure of placentas from women who smoke cigarettes during pregnancy have been investigated by quantitative, light-microscopic techniques. It has been demonstrated that the placentas of the smoking mothers were morphologically very similar to the placentas of the nonsmokers. The results only showed a tendency for the placentas in the study group to contain proportionally more nonparenchymal and less parenchymal tissue than the control group, mainly in terms of a relative reduction in the intervillous space volume and peripheral villous mass and surface area. The findings of this study support the hypothesis that the perinatal morbidity associated with cigarette smoking during pregnancy is probably more related to the ischemic and/or toxic effects of several compounds in tobacco smoke, partly on placental function and also directly on the fetus, than to significant alterations in the functional structure of the placenta.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it