Nature of charged muonium in GaAs with an applied electric field
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have identified the muonium signal that is enhanced by an electric field in semi-insulating GaAs at $10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. Experiments were conducted with the electric field applied parallel and antiparallel to the incoming muon. For fields in the range $\ensuremath{\approx}1--15\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kV}∕\mathrm{cm}$ in both directions the nuclear dipolar broadening of the muon spin precession signal at $1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}$ is consistent with that of positively charged muonium (i.e., ${\mathrm{Mu}}^{+}$). This is confirmed by muon-nuclear level crossing measurements at $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kV}∕\mathrm{cm}$ which show a resonance signal identical to that of isolated ${\mathrm{Mu}}^{+}$ seen previously in $p$-type GaAs. These measurements show by direct spectroscopic means that the electric field of either direction enhances the probability to form isolated ${\mathrm{Mu}}^{+}$ in high resistivity GaAs and are in agreement with a model in which the electric field prevents the formation of neutral bond centered muonium.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".