Tensile-Shear Forces and Fracture Modes in Single and Multiple Weld Specimens in Dual-Phase Steels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this article, weld fracture criteria based upon low strain rate (i.e., ε̇∼10−3-10−2s−1) tensile-shear tests of spot welds in dual-phase (DP) steels DP600, DP780, and DP980 are developed. Three empirical equations are inferred from least-squares root-fitting analyses of tensile-shear testing data. Building upon existing results in the literature, the first equation relates the tensile-shear force to the weld diameter. The second and third equations relate, respectively, a critical weld diameter and a critical tensile-shear force for interfacial fracture to the sheet thickness and hardness extrema in the heat-affected zone. These idealized equations can serve as the basis for further development of fracture criteria resembling material flow laws that account for higher strain rates and more complicated deformation paths. The effect of spot-weld placement in specific patterns or arrays on deformation and fracture behavior was also investigated to explore underlying effects from deformation field interactions between adjacent spot welds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".