Equivalent dose to the fetus from occupational exposure of pregnant staff in diagnostic radiology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The protection of the unborn children of pregnant women from ionizing radiations is very important because the fetus is particularly vulnerable to the effects of ionizing radiation. From the radiation protection perspective, the International Commission on Radiological Protection regards the unborn child as a member of the public when considering the occupational exposure of pregnant workers. The determination of the equivalent dose to the unborn child in diagnostic radiology is of interest as a basis for risk estimates from occupational exposures of the pregnant worker. In this paper, coefficients for converting dosemeter readings to equivalent dose to the fetus have been calculated using Monte Carlo simulation. X-ray transport was simulated by tracing individual photons through soft tissue phantoms. Equivalent dose to the uterus was used to simulate the equivalent dose to the fetus during the first 2 months of pregnancy. The Monte Carlo model was validated experimentally by direct measurements made in an Alderson female Rando phantom for a range of irradiation conditions. The two sets of data indicated good agreement with the Monte Carlo results, being relatively greater than the experimental results to a maximum of about 15%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".