Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a new label for clinical Pick's disease (PiD) because the eponymic term is increasingly restricted to the pathologic finding of Pick bodies. This restriction created the impression that PiD is rare and that is it difficult to diagnose. FTD is also a term most often used for behavioral and personality alterations. Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD), formerly the extrapyramidal variety of PiD, are also part of the syndrome. Recently, chromosome 17 localization and tau mutations were discovered in familial forms of the disease. REVIEW SUMMARY: FTD consists of behavioral and personality changes, often beginning with apathy and disinterest, which may be mistaken for depression. Disinhibition and perseverative, compulsive behavior often appear at the same time. A quantifiable frontal behavioral inventory is useful in the diagnosis beyond a checklist. The second type of presentation is progressive language loss (PPA). A less common variety is semantic dementia: the meaning of nouns and objects is lost. As the disease progresses, all components tend to overlap. CBD and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), although described as distinct entities, show a great deal of clinical, pathologic, genetic, and biochemical overlap. The evidence suggests they also belong to the complex. The association of motor neuron disease (MND) with FTD and other varieties of the complex is also reviewed. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical Pick's disease or Pick Complex includes the overlapping syndromes of FTD, PPA, CBD, PSP, and FTD-MND. The neuropathological and genetic spectrum should be viewed with emphasis on the commonalities rather than the differences, allowing the recognition of the relatively high frequency of this presenile syndrome.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".