Acute cardiac effects of carbon monoxide poisoning in children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Carbon monoxide (CO)-induced cardiotoxicity has been investigated infrequently in children and reports of its cardiovascular effects are limited to isolated case reports. Our aims were to describe acute cardiac effects and associated factors with myocardial injury in children with CO poisoning. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of children below 17 years of age who were diagnosed with CO poisoning at pediatric emergency department between July 2004 and June 2007. Patients who had carboxyhemoglobin level at least 10% were included. Myocardial injury was defined as elevated cardiac biomarkers (creatine kinase-MB or troponin-t). Carboxyhemoglobin level, electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, cardiac biomarkers, and echocardiograph results were recorded for each patient. RESULTS: Cardiac biomarkers were drawn in 107 patients, of which 16 patients (15%) had cardiac biomarkers confirmed diagnosis of myocardial injury. Sinus tachycardia was present in 32% of patients on baseline ECG. None of the patients had ischemic changes on ECG. Echocardiograph was performed in 27 patients (25% of patients with biomarkers drawn), of which nine patients had low ejection fraction and abnormal left ventricular function. Determinators of myocardial injury included a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score <or=14 and hypotension (for GCS score <or=14 and hypotension, relative risk: 90 and 95% confidence interval: 9.9-813. CONCLUSION: Myocardial injury may exist in children with CO poisoning without abnormal ECG findings. GCS score
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".