Effect of Temperature on Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance and Crystal Structure of Polyethylene
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Studies were conducted on the crystalline properties of different polyethylene resins to identify their influence on phase interconnectivity between amorphous and crystalline regions. This work offers a thorough investigation on the potential correlation between environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR) and crystalline structure characteristics, namely, crystallinity, mean lamella thickness and its distribution, and lamella surface area (LSA). The initial objective of this work was to investigate an existing ambiguity in the literature with respect to the effect of the crystalline phase on ESCR. In addition, research was conducted to evaluate the degree of variability in the lamella surface area, as a measure of phase interconnectivity and ESCR, with processing temperature and post-process annealing. Annealing at various conditions, along with cooling at different rates, were employed to investigate the effect of temperature on LSA. It was observed that a clear correlation exists between crystalline phase properties and ESCR, given that the comparison is made between polymers with similar molecular weights. Annealing temperature and time were found to cause a general reduction in LSA, however, to varying degrees, according to the type of PE molecular structure (significant interactions exist between annealing conditions and polymer type). LSA showed a significant dependence on cooling rate, however, no interaction was found between cooling rate and type of PE molecular structure. Additionally, lamella surface areas obtained from quenching and air cooling were found to be almost the same. Keywords: Phase interconnectivitylamella surface arealamella thicknesscrystallinityenvironmental stress cracking resistancepolyethylene Acknowledgements The authors would also like to thank the Borealis group, Linz, Austria, for providing additional resins. Many thanks go to Dr. Ariel Gomez, Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, for valuable assistance with the X-ray scattering experiments.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it