Hydrolytic aging of polypropylene studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study the hydrolytic aging of polypropylene according to the pHs of degrading buffer solutions and the time of aging. The study was concentrated over periods of 3, 6, and 9 months for values of pH close to the real environments of use of the material (pH of 6, 7, and 8). The polypropylene underwent an oxidation of its polymeric matrix, independently of the range of pH values, by the production of COH, CO, and OCO groups. These chemical functions were observed in high resolution XPS spectra around C1 s and O1 s peaks. Beginning with these results and from mechanisms of (photochemical, thermal, and others) aging proposed in the literature, it was then possible to propose mechanisms of hydrolytic ageing of polypropylene. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3830–3838, 2004
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".