Microinjections of L-Leucine into Tubules and Peritubular Capillaries of the Rat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Antiluminal and luminal transport of amino acids has been studied in vivo with a microinjection technique in maleate-treated rats. Upon microinjections of l -leucine-3H and inulin-14C in the lumen of proximal convoluted tubules and in peritubular capillaries of the cortical segments of the nephron, the amount of radioactivity measured in ureteral urine gave an indication of amino acid absorption. The results suggest that the entry of amino acids into the renal tubule cells is not impeded in maleate-treated rats and that maleic acid does not act as a competitor for amino acid transport. After microinjections into peritubular capillaries of the left kidney, L-leucine excretion was found to be greater in this experimental kidney than in the contralateral non-injected kidney. However, in maleate-treated rats, the excretion of leucine preceded that of inulin in the experimental kidney in contrast to the non-injected kidney where leucine and inulin excretion occurred simultaneously. It is proposed that this modification of amino acid excretion can be explained by an enhanced transtubular flux of amino acid, caused by a decreased ability of the cell to retain absorbed amino acids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".