Multipoint in situ and ground‐based observations during auroral intensifications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Analysis of in situ and ground‐based observations is performed to establish the precise timing of observed signatures during two successive auroral activations. The first, minor activation was interpreted as a pseudobreakup, while the second, major one was classified as a substorm. Timing of observations aboard four of the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) probes situated in the plasma sheet in the tail‐aligned conjunction indicates initial activity at XGSM ≈ −15 RE. Magnetic field variations, tailward fast flows, and signatures in particle behavior observed by two THEMIS probes in the midtail plasma sheet suggest magnetic reconnection as the source of the first activation. The substorm onset, detected 6 min after the pseudobreakup, was found to be associated with the rapid decrease of the magnetic field strength, dipolarization, and increase of plasma density and pressure, i.e., signatures of the cross‐tail current reduction (disruption), observed in the near‐Earth plasma sheet at XGSM > −10 RE. Thus, in this case, reconnection in the midtail preceded the near‐Earth current reduction. A scenario based on a model of the near‐Earth breakup triggered by the fast earthward flow, generated by preceding reconnection, is proposed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".