Bibliographic record
Abstract
Letters1 February 2005Glycemia and Risk for Cardiovascular DiseaseHertzel C. Gerstein, MD, MScHertzel C. Gerstein, MD, MScFrom McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-142-3-200502010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:In the article to which my editorial referred, Khaw and colleagues (1) reported that glycosylated hemoglobin is clearly associated with cardiovascular disease and that this relationship is independent of diabetes status. However, this prospective study also clearly showed that this relationship is independent of other cardiovascular risk factors, including age, body mass index, abdominal obesity, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, and previous cardiovascular disease. At least 1 other large epidemiologic study also reported a similar independent relationship between markers of dysglycemia (including glycosylated hemoglobin) and incident cardiovascular events (2). Indeed, after the authors controlled for sex, age, total ...References1. Khaw KT, Wareham N, Bingham S, Luben R, Welch A, Day N. Association of hemoglobin A1c with cardiovascular disease and mortality in adults: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141:413-20. [PMID: 15381514] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Meigs JB, Nathan DM, D'Agostino RB, Wilson PW. Fasting and postchallenge glycemia and cardiovascular disease risk: the Framingham Offspring Study. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1845-50. [PMID: 12351489] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Hertzel C. Gerstein, MD, MScAffiliations: From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAssociation of Hemoglobin A1c with Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Adults: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk Kay-Tee Khaw , Nicholas Wareham , Sheila Bingham , Robert Luben , Ailsa Welch , and Nicholas Day Glycosylated Hemoglobin: Finally Ready for Prime Time as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor Hertzel C. Gerstein Glycemia and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Mayer B. Davidson Metrics 1 February 2005Volume 142, Issue 3Page: 227-228KeywordsBlood pressureCardiovascular disease riskCardiovascular diseasesClinical trialsEpidemiologyForecastingHemoglobinMedical risk factorsRisk managementSystolic pressure ePublished: 1 February 2005 Issue Published: 1 February 2005 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".