KINETICS OF METABOLIC ACTIVATION IN CANINE MUSCLE IN SITU AT THE ONSET OF HIGH INTENSITY CONTRACTIONS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the activation of ATP generating pathways in canine skeletal muscle during the first min of a 3 min bout of intense exercise. The gastrocnemius muscle (n = 6) was surgically isolated in anesthetized dogs and the tendon was attached to a force transducer. Isometric tetanic muscle contractions (0.2 msec stimuli for 200 msec duration at 50 Hz, one per sec) were elicited via the sciatic nerve. Muscle biopsies were taken at 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, and 180 sec in the exercise bout. Blood samples were taken at 15, 30, 60, and 180 sec. Muscle force production and venous blood flow were recorded continuously (100 Hz) throughout the exercise bout. Muscle oxygen consumption had increased to 34% of the peak VO2 (VO2 at 180 sec) by 15 sec, and had reached 81% of peak VO2 by 60 sec. During the first 15 sec of contractions, PCr decreased by 10% from resting values, by 33% at 30 sec, and by 45% at 60 sec. By comparison, net lactate output from the muscle had risen 4-fold by 15 sec and 10-fold by 30 sec. The rapid increase in oxygen consumption and lactate output during the first 15–30 sec of contractions suggests that ATP generating pathways other than PCr hydrolysis are activated more rapidly than previously believed, and may in fact provide a significant portion of the ATP required at the start of intense bouts of exercise. Supported by NIH Grant No. AR-40342, AR-40155, NATO CRG 972111, and NSERC (Canada).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".