Critical slowing down in the two-dimensional Ising model measured using ferromagnetic ultrathin films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Power-law scaling of the relaxation time $\ensuremath{\tau}$ associated with critical slowing down has been experimentally measured in the dynamics of the magnetization of a bilayer of iron grown on top of a $W(110)$ substrate using the complex magnetic ac susceptibility $\ensuremath{\chi}(T)$. The observed value of the critical exponent for the slowing down above the Curie transition of this two-dimensional Ising ferromagnetic system is $z\ensuremath{\nu}=2.09\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06$ (95% confidence), in agreement with most contemporary theories and simulations. Further analysis reveals that dynamical effects cause $\ensuremath{\chi}(T)$ to deviate from power-law scaling as the temperature is decreased towards ${T}_{c}$, whereas the saturation of the correlation length due to finite-size effects (on the order of 500 lattice spaces) limits the divergence of $\ensuremath{\tau}$.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".