Current Information on the Benefits of Allogeneic Blood
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SUMMARY Overall, anemia increases the risk of mortality only when hemoglobin concentration (Hb) falls below 50 g/L. This effect is magnified by blood losses and cardiovascular disease. No evidence supports a beneficial effect of transfusions in less sick patients and those without cardiovascular disease when Hb is above 70 g/L. Especially in areas of the world where blood transmissible diseases are endemic, the considerable risks of HIV infection nearly always outweigh the benefits of transfusion, even in severely anemic patients. Definitive evidence that minimal Hb greater than 90–100 g/L in patients with cardiovascular disease prevents cardiac morbidity is lacking. Transfusions to improve oxygen transport are definitely not indicated in critically ill adults. Transfusions may be deleterious in patients with several, non‐cardiovascular diagnoses. Conversely, in anemic shock, transfusions allow early withdrawal of supportive therapy. Erythrocyte transfusions improve hemostasis and reduce perioperative complications in patients with sickle cell disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.049 | 0.012 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".