Chronic Prenatal Ethanol Exposure and Increased Concentration of Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters in Meconium of Term Fetal Guinea Pig
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In humans, the occurrence of prenatal exposure to ethanol is difficult to validate objectively. Increased concentration of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) in the meconium of the newborn may be a biomarker of prenatal ethanol exposure. The validity of this proposed biomarker was tested in pregnant guinea pigs that received chronic oral administration of 4 g ethanol/kg maternal body weight/day (n=8), isocaloric-sucrose/pair-feeding (n=8) or water (n=2) throughout gestation. At gestational day 65 (term, gestational day 66 to 69), each dam and her offspring were euthanized, and meconium was collected from the term fetal large intestine. Eight individual FAEE (lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linolenic and arachidonic AEE) were measured by gas chromatography--flame ionization detection and confirmed by gas chromatography--mass spectrometry. The chronic maternal ethanol regimen decreased fetal body weight and brain weight. There was virtually no measurable FAEE in the meconium for the water group (n=3 fetuses). For meconium of the ethanol offspring (n=25 fetuses) compared with the sucrose offspring (n=23 fetuses), the total FAEE concentration was 8-fold higher; and lauric, palmitic, stearic and oleic AEE concentrations were at least 5-fold higher for the ethanol group. The data indicate that fetal meconium FAEE constitute a biomarker of prenatal ethanol exposure for a maternal ethanol regimen that restricts fetal development, with an inverse relationship between meconium total FAEE concentration and both body weight and brain weight.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".