Synthesis of zeolite NA‐A using single mode microwave irradiation at atmospheric pressure: The effect of microwave power
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of single mode microwave irradiation on the synthesis of zeolite Na‐A from sodium aluminate and sodium silicate gel at atmospheric pressure. Microwave irradiation has been shown to accelerate the zeolitization process from several hours to several minutes. The microwave irradiation employed was produced in a single mode lab scale microwave, which enabled control of irradiated power and temperature of the reaction mixture, while the pressure was controlled by affixing a condenser to a Teflon reactor vessel with a working volume of 20 mL. Two sets of experiments were conducted, the first with three levels of temperature and reaction time, and the second with three levels of power and reaction time. The characteristics and physical properties of the synthesized samples were analyzed with different instrumental techniques including XRD, Rietveld refinement, SEM, BET, TGA, and by determination of cation exchange capacity (CEC). It was observed that the crystallinity of the product was influenced by both power and time of microwave irradiation; moreover power and time of microwave irradiation influenced the phase selection between Na‐A and Na‐X. Single phase zeolite Na‐A was achieved with a crystallinity of 80 % at 300 W using single mode microwave irradiation at atmospheric pressure after 30 min of exposure to radiation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".