Submillimeter-wave spectroscopy of DCO+ in the excited vibrational states: Does the Stark effect cause anomalies in the (022) state?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The lowest two rotational transitions of (02(2)0) were not detected in previous investigations. This nonobservation was ascribed to the Stark broadening caused by the electric field in a hollow cathode discharge and an extended negative glow discharge. However, rotational lines of symmetric-top ions such as CH(3)CNH(+) and SD(3)(+) were observed in extended negative glow discharges with no such Stark effect. Also, no anomalies were observed for similar lines for HCN and HNC produced in an extended negative glow discharge. In the present investigation, we extended the measurements of DCO(+) up to 800 GHz. The DCO(+) ions were produced in an extended negative glow discharge in a gas mixture of D(2) and CO (a couple of millitorr each) in Ar buffer ( approximately 12 mTorr). The measurements were made mostly at liquid nitrogen temperature. Our observations confirmed that the lowest rotational lines in (02(2)0) within our frequency coverage, J=4-3, were too weak to be detected. However, a most notable result obtained in the present investigation is that the J=5-4 and J=6-5 lines of (02(2)0) and the J=5-4 line of (04(2)0) have been detected in induced emission. This observation implies that the previous nonobservation of low-J lines in (02(2)0) may not be due to the Stark effect. The l-type splitting in (03(3)0) has been observed for the J=9-8 transition and higher. However, the splittings for the J=7-6 and J=8-7 lines that are expected to be large enough have not been resolved. The reason for this "narrowing" has been unexplained at the present stage. The population inversion suggests that, initially, DCO(+) is formed predominantly in stretching vibrational states, and, subsequently, the energy transfer to bending vibrational states takes place through collisional relaxation processes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".