Squint-free beamforming in series-fed antenna arrays using synthesized non-foster elements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A method for squint-free arbitrary-angle broadband beamforming in series-fed antenna arrays is introduced. This method originates from the idea of loading a feedline with non-Foster elements. This type of loading reduces the per unit length inductance and capacitance of the transmission line and a fast-wave non-dispersive propagation, required for squint-free beamforming in series-fed antenna arrays, is obtained. Importantly, the challenges associated with traditional implementations of non-Foster reactive elements (e.g. stability) are circumvented by introducing a new methodology using negative-group-delay (NGD) networks. This method is established by showing that non-Foster reactive elements and NGD networks influence propagating waves in a similar manner. Subsequently, a series feeding network for linear antenna arrays is designed by loading a host transmission line with loss-compensated NGD networks. In summary, this paper introduces a new method for synthesizing stable non-Foster reactances, using NGD networks, which is utilized to present a solution to the beam squinting problem in series-fed antenna arrays.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".