Olefin Additions on H−Si(111): Evidence for a Surface Chain Reaction Initiated at Isolated Dangling Bonds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the surface chain reaction of styrene with hydrogen-terminated Si(111), H−Si(111) initiated at isolated surface dangling bonds. Electrons from a scanning tunneling microscope in ultrahigh vacuum are used to create surface isolated dangling bonds on H−Si(111) prepared by aqueous ammonium fluoride etch. Exposure of dangling bonds on an otherwise hydrogen terminated surface to as little as 5 langmuirs of styrene leads to the formation of compact islands containing multiple styrene adsorbates bonded to the surface through individual C−Si bonds. From this observation we conclude that these adsorbate islands are the result of a surface chain reaction of styrene with H−Si(111). This result suggests that the key radical-chain propagation step of hydrogen atom abstraction from the silicon surface for the proposed mechanism of reaction of liquid phase terminally unsaturated organic molecules with hydrogen-terminated silicon under free-radical conditions readily occurs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".