Alteration of Fibroblast Architecture and Loss of Basal Lamina Apertures in Human Emphysematous Lung
Bibliographic record
Abstract
RATIONALE: In normal human lung, single alveolar fibroblasts link capillary endothelium to type 2 pneumocytes through apertures in the endothelial and epithelial basal laminae. These fibroblasts are hypothesized to play a role in cellular communication between the endothelium and epithelium and are positioned to provide leukocytes a surface on which they may migrate through the interstitium. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether fibroblasts link the endothelium to the epithelium in emphysematous lung and to compare basal lamina aperture frequency with previously published results. METHODS: We performed transmission electron microscopy serial section three-dimensional reconstructions of emphysematous regions of human alveolar wall and a quantitative analysis of basal lamina apertures beneath 403 type 2 pneumocytes. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Our three-dimensional reconstruction demonstrated that the fibroblasts subtending type 2 pneumocytes in emphysematous lung no longer link these epithelial cells to the capillary endothelium through basal lamina apertures. Basal lamina apertures may be absent below some type 2 pneumocytes. Our morphometric analysis showed that their frequency and area beneath type 2 pneumocytes is significantly reduced in emphysematous regions when compared with nonemphysematous regions of matched control lung. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the endothelial/fibroblast/epithelial linkage is disrupted in emphysematous human lungs and postulate this disruption may disturb leukocyte migration and account for their accumulation in the alveolar interstitium of emphysematous lung tissue.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".