Granular media failure along triaxial proportional strain paths
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper revisits a famous phenomenon sometimes observed in granular soils: liquefaction. Liquefaction occurs when all stress components vanish. According to the loading conditions, and the initial void ratio of the soil specimen, it can be shown that a convenient stress quantity passes through a peak, and then decreases. It is usually thought that the deviatoric stress peak also corresponds to a failure state, since a sudden collapse of the specimen is expected from this point according to the loading control adopted. After a brief review of the theoretical background describing the occurrence of such phenomena (liquefaction and failure), the results of laboratory tests run along a triaxial proportional strain loading path are presented. Then, the main conclusions drawn are discussed and confirmed from numerical tests using a discrete element method. In both approaches, it is shown that the choice of the stress response variable is fundamental, in order to properly detect such a failure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".