A genetic assessment of single versus double origin of landlocked Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) from Lake Saint-Jean, Québec, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We assessed the genetic relationships among landlocked populations and parapatric anadromous populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from the Saguenay River system to infer the alternative scenarios of single versus double origin of salmon in Lake Saint-Jean, Québec, Canada. We predicted that the hypothesis of double origin would be supported by the closer relationship of some landlocked populations to anadromous ones than to other landlocked populations. Alternatively, the single-origin scenario would be supported if landlocked populations were genetically closer to each other than to anadromous populations. Contrasting results of population differentiation at microsatellite loci were obtained with statistical treatments involving allelic frequency alone (θ, DCE) or incorporating mutational differences (RST, (δμ)2). A closer relationship among all landlocked populations of Lake Saint-Jean compared with anadromous ones was observed in analyses that only incorporated allele frequency information. In contrast, analyses incorporating allelic size variance all supported a closer relationship between the Métabetchouane population and other populations from outside Lake Saint-Jean. We discuss the possible factors responsible for these apparently contradictory results and propose alternative historical scenarios potentially responsible for the salmon population structure in Lake Saint-Jean.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".