Electrophysiological effects of intravitreal Avastin (bevacizumab) in the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the sensitivity of the multifocal electroretinogram (mf-ERG) at measuring changes in retinal electrical activity in response to Avastin (bevacizumab) treatment for age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). METHODS: Nine subjects with exudative ARMD, not previously treated with bevacizumab in the investigated eye, underwent pretreatment testing with mf-ERG and intravenous fluorescein angiography (IVFA). A second mf-ERG test was conducted post-treatment. The P1 response amplitudes were examined for the hexagons corresponding to areas of pathology on the IVFA. Intertest variability was accounted for by examining areas without pathology. Aggregate responses were also generated for central and lesion-associated responses. RESULTS: Changes in P1 response amplitude correlated with changes in visual acuity (R(2)>0.96). An improvement in Snellen visual acuity correlated with a significant improvement in P1 response amplitude from lesion associated recordings (p<0.03). Changes in P1 response amplitudes were not observed when aggregate responses were generated. CONCLUSION: This study represents a novel method for assessing an improvement of mf-ERG responses. This is the first study to demonstrate a statistically significant change in retinal electrical activity postbevacizumab in patients with ARMD. This study demonstrates a method for utilising mf-ERG to assess changes in retinal electrical activity and to assess the effectiveness of treatments such as bevacizumab.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".