Association between socioeconomic status and access to trauma care for victims of injury in a Canadian trauma system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The association between low socioeconomic status (SES) and increased population-based risk of injury is well documented. However, little is known about the association between SES and access to trauma care. We aimed to evaluate the association between SES and time to definitive trauma care in an inclusive Canadian trauma system. SES was quantified using an ecological index of material deprivation via patients residential postal code. Data was drawn from the Quebec trauma registry based on mandatory data collection for all patients with major trauma treated within the inclusive provincial trauma system (1999–2006). The association between SES and time to definitive care was evaluated using hierarchical linear regression. The study sample comprised 88 235 patients treated in 59 trauma centres. The proportion of patients in the highest quintile of material deprivation ranged from 16% in metropolitan regions to 71% in regions with no metropolitan influence. Following adjustment for injury severity, age and comorbidity, those in the highest quintile of material deprivation had a mean time to definitive care 0.926 h longer (p<0.0001) than those in the lowest quintile. However, after adjustment for region of residence, the mean time difference approached zero (0.075 h, p=0.2). High material deprivation is associated with longer delays to definitive care. However, this association appears to be entirely explained by the fact that patients with high material deprivation are more likely to live in rural regions and are therefore further from hospitals offering definitive trauma care.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".