Three-dimensional displacement analysis of a piezoelectric tube scanner through finite element simulations of a tube assembly
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this article, we focus on analyzing the tip displacement relation for a piezoelectric tube scanner used in scanning probe microscopes. In particular, the finite element model consists of a piezoelectric tube, a tip holder, and a tip in an effort to include the boundary effect on tube deflection. A large number of simulations are conducted for model validation and comparisons with results in the literature. Design formulas commonly suggested by piezotube manufacturers are also used to compare with our simulations. We show that the design formulas provide a good approximation of the tip displacement when tube’s aspect ratio is well above 2. In addition, the axial displacement of the tip in tube bending, also known as the coupling term, is analyzed through simulations. A ratio of 4 exists between the axial displacement in tube elongation and that in tube bending caused by energizing single quadrant electrode. The result is shown to be convenient to use to decouple motion in the orthogonal directions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".