Characterization of the bulk properties of pharmaceutical solids using nonlinear optics - a review
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the development of stable, compact and reliable pulsed laser sources the field of characterizing materials through their nonlinear optical response has bloomed. Second harmonic generation by non-centrosymmetric crystal structures has provided a new spectroscopic tool of potentially great utility in the pharmaceutical field. The nonlinear optical response of various materials provides a very sensitive technique for the characterization of pharmaceutically interesting bulk compounds and dispersions, and determining their concentrations. This work has potential application for in-line monitoring and quality control of pharmaceutical manufacturing. In this article we have presented an extensive review of the spectroscopic techniques that make use of the nonlinear optical response of solid media. Also, we have presented the results of our own work in this field.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it