Christian identity: the apocalyptic style, political religion, palingenesis and neo‐fascism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aggressively dualistic versions of the Christian Identity theology in the United States are accurately described as neo‐fascist. This study will examine one such group, Aryan Nations, to illustrate how Gentile's theory of fascism as a totalitarian system that promotes the sacralisation of politics, and Griffin's theory of fascism as a form of palingenetic trans‐class populism, are complementary; and fit into a broader scholarly trend that classifies certain social movements as forms of apocalyptic millenarianism. This claim creates an Escher‐like picture in which the ‘sacralisation of politics’ leads up the down staircase to groups that add a theological dimension to a totalitarian political ideology that is palingenetic, and which began in fascist Italy as an attempt to create a secular form of sacred nationalism, thus producing a relationship between religion and politics that is fraught with irony and paradox.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.018 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".