Atomization of Liquid Jet in High-Pressure and High-Temperature Subsonic Crossflow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experimental data on atomization and trajectories of a water jet injected into a subsonic crossflow air under elevated pressure and temperature are provided. Correlations are obtained for the windward and centerline spray trajectories in terms of the principal variables, such as crossflow and liquid jet velocities and gas and liquid physical properties, as well as a function of pertinent nondimensional numbers (i.e., liquid to crossflow air momentum ratio and the channel and liquid jet Reynolds numbers). In addition, the effect of the process parameters on the shape and the streamwise area of the spray plume and spray penetration height is studied. In particular, the effect of liquid jet and crossflow air velocity on the penetration height and spray area is studied in detail. It is noted that, at a given pressure, temperature, and crossflow air velocity, there is an optimum liquid jet velocity that corresponds to a maximum spray area and an optimum atomization process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".