Bibliographic record
Abstract
The problem of fully developed steady flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid through a mildly curved tube with wavy walls of small amplitude-to-wavelength ratio around the tube circumference is solved via a perturbation solution. Dean’s original solution for tubes with circular cross-section is used as the foundation to solve the current regular perturbation problem. In general, the wavy walls are found to mitigate the effect of a given term in Dean’s expansion. For instance, the first order effect of the wavy walls is to reduce the strength of the secondary flow vortices and minimize the reduction of the volumetric flow rate caused by the curvature. A related effect is a general reduction in the average axial and circumferential wall shear stresses. The local wall shear stress, however, increases at the points of maximum incursion of the protrusions into the flow and decreases in the valleys between the protuberances. The general form of the solution for an arbitrary number of protuberances is presented to first order in the geometric perturbation and to fourth order in the Dean number.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".