Single sideband modulation scheme employing an equivalent phase shifted fiber Bragg grating for a remotely controlled photonic true time-delay beamforming system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A single sideband (SSB) modulation scheme using a fiber-based equivalent phase shifted Bragg grating for a remotely controlled photonic true time-delay (TTD) beamforming module is presented in this paper. Photonic TTD is considered a promising technique for wideband phased array antennas (PAA) as it allows beam steering of the antenna without the beam squint problem. For remotely controlled phased array antennas, the dispersive properties of a single mode fiber induce a power penalty at higher RF frequencies when a double sideband (DSB) modulation scheme is used. The SSB modulation scheme is an effective way to eliminate this power penalty as only one sideband is transmitted and thus there is no cancellation between the two signals generated by beating the upper sideband with the optical carrier and the lower sideband with the optical carrier at a photodetector. This paper presents for the first time experimental results of a SSB modulation scheme using an equivalent phase shifted fiber Bragg grating. The true-time delay system considered utilizes a discrete uniform fiber Bragg grating prism which allows discrete beam steering capabilities for the phased array antenna.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".