Lidar and Optical Particle Counter (OPC) measurements of polar and tropical stratospheric aerosols
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lidar and Optical Particle Counter (OPC) measurements were performed in the Canadian Arctic and in the Indonesian Tropical region. The observations yielded very interesting and important results about the features of the latitudinal difference in the stratospheric aerosols. Besides the latitudinal difference, the aerosol distributions and their time variation showed unique characteristics in each of the regions. In Arctic winter, the aerosol concentration varies frequently day-today. In the Tropical region, the aerosol distribution and the vertical transport is, probably, controlled by the variation of the circulation pattern in the lower stratosphere related to the QBO in the tropical stratosphere. Based on the results of the simultaneous measurements by lidar and OPCs, we estimated surface area density, volume density, S-parameter (extinction to backscatter ratio), backscatter to surface area conversion factor, and backscatter to volume conversion factor of the stratospheric aerosols at 20km-altitude in the Arctic and Tropical regions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".