Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon-Supported Platinum-Molybdenum and Platinum-Tungsten Catalysts for Methanol Oxidation in Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A series of carbon-supported bimetallic catalysts with different metallic loadings was synthesized, using platinum as the principal active phase and molybdenum or tungsten as promoting phases. The materials were prepared by organometallic precursor thermolysis and characterized by direct current electrochemical methods, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Electrodes were elaborated with each catalyst and their electrochemical performances were studied by cyclic voltammetry. These results show an increased activity of the catalysts with small amounts of Mo or W, towards oxidation of methanol with respect to the catalyst containing only platinum. XRD results reveal the presence of molybdenum or tungsten bronzes (HxMoO3, HxWO3) that are responsible for the increase in activity. It is believed that the bronzes participate in a spillover effect by promoting the removal of protons from the platinum surface. It was found that the presence of molybdenum in this type of catalyst prevents the platinum phase from sintering during the thermal treatment and allows them to keep platinum particles with mean sizes between 2 and 8 nm. The proposed catalysts are adequate for methanol oxidation in liquid-fuel alcohol fuel cell systems, since it was found that oxidation potentials are lower than those observed with platinum catalysts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".