Influence of degree of saturation on soil nail pull-out resistance in compacted completely decomposed granite fill
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The nail–soil interface shear strength is a key parameter in the design and stability assessment of soil nailing systems. A number of factors will influence the nail–soil interface shear strength. Among these factors, the degree of saturation (S r ) of the soil is an important one especially for permanent soil nail structures. To study the influence of S r on soil nail pull-out shear resistance, a series of laboratory pull-out tests have been conducted on soil nails in compacted completely decomposed granite (CDG) fill prepared to different S r . The tests were conducted using two specially designed pull-out boxes (with same specifications). In the near-saturated tests, a high S r (about 98%) was achieved using two special features of the apparatus: a waterproof front cap and back-water pressure pipes at the bottom of the pull-out box. Test results showed that the nail–soil shearing plane migrated outwards into the soil when the S r of the soil increased. Also, peak pull-out strengths of soil nails were strongly influenced by the S r of the soil. Among the tested S r , the highest values of peak pull-out shear strength were obtained at S r values between 50% and 75%.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it