Karstification as geomorphological evidence of river incision: the karst of Cousance and the Marne valley (eastern Paris Basin)
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Cousance karst (located between the valleys of the Saulx and Marne) has been studied to determine the temporal records of river incision in the eastern Paris Basin, around the ANDRA experimental nuclear waste repository. Two generations of karst are recognized. The first is a palaeophreatic karst indicative of an old base level, now uplifted +75 m above the underground streams. It is underlain and drained by a second generation of karst with active sinks, which records the vertical evolution following the entrenchment of the River Marne. Ten U/Th dates of speleothems from shafts in the karst show that there were discontinuous growth episodes, mainly during isotopic stages 3 and 5 (between 102.4 ± 1.2 and 49.4 ± 0.4 ka bp ) but also during isotopic stage 2 at 16.3 ± 0.1 and 20.9 ± 0.3 ka bp . These dates provide an absolute age limit for the start of vertical development of the karst, at the latest during isotope stage 5c.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it