Long‐term stability of a coronary stent coating post‐implantation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A coronary stent possessing a phosphorylcholine-based polymer coating was removed from a human patient 6 months after implantation and analyzed for the presence of the coating. An atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique has been employed to scrape away several 10- micro m(2) areas on the struts of the explanted stent. Scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) and tapping-mode AFM confirmed a surface coating had been removed in each case. Cross-sectional analysis and force-of-removal measurements showed that both coating depth and hardness were characteristic of that for the phosphorylcholine- (PC-) based coating prior to implantation. AFM amplitude-phase and distance curves from the explanted stent were comparable to those obtained when an unused stent was analyzed. Furthermore, laser ablation high-resolution inductively coupled-plasma mass spectometery (LA-HR-ICP-MS) was used to detect the low level of silicon present in the PC coating after explantation. The results from these techniques confirm that the stent coating is the original PC polymer and is not of biological origin, and support the long-term stability of the coating in vivo.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".