Coastal-fluvial palaeoenvironments and plant palaeoecology of the Lower Devonian (Emsian), Gaspé Bay, Québec, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Cap-aux-Os Member (of Emsian age) of the Battery Point Formation, Gaspé Bay, Québec, comprises coastal and fluvial deposits containing abundant, well-preserved remains of early land plants (embryophytes). Metres-thick sandstone bodies represent the deposits of the main river channels, including some that were tidally influenced. Thinner sandstone bodies within mudstone successions represent deposits of crevasse splays-levees, lacustrine deltas, tidal channels, flood-tidal deltas and washovers. Mudstone-dominant strata represent backswamps and marshes, lakes, coastal bays and tidal flats. Certain plants (trimerophytes, Huvenia and Sciadophyton ) are particularly common on the moist, upper parts of near-coastal channel bars. They apparently germinated and grew rapidly on freshly exposed muds deposited during floods or exceptionally high tides. In situ zosterophylls are most common in backswamp and marshy areas, where they formed extensive, relatively longlived stands. It is uncertain whether these plants were tolerant of brackish water or killed by it. However, absence of acritarchs in these in situ plant horizons suggests that they occupied primarily freshwater habitats. Transported Prototaxites and Spongiophyton , both interpreted as possible fungi, are the main components of fully non-marine channel deposits. It is no coincidence that the best-preserved plants are those that lived in moist, oxygen-poor settings. However, the occurrence of root traces in palaeosols and sparse fossil evidence suggests that embryophytes also occupied drier settings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.065 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".