Generation and characterization of mouse parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells containing genomes from non‐growing and fully grown oocytes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is known that oocytes can be activated without male contribution in vitro and develop to blastocysts which are used to isolate parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells. Unfortunately, differentiation capacity of the parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells was rather lower than fertilized embryos derived ES cells, which might be the result of the absence of male genome. It had been found that some maternally expressed genes were repressed and some paternally expressed genes were expressed in the non-growing oocytes. Therefore, maternal genome from non-growing oocytes can partially act as "sperm genome". In the present study, parthenogenetic blastocysts containing genome from non-growing and fully grown oocytes (named as NF-pBlastocysts) were produced by germinal vesicle transfer, and three newly established parthenogenetic embryonic stem (named as NF-pES) cell lines were derived from the resulting parthenogenetic blastocysts. All three NF-pES cell lines were positive for ES cell markers, such as alkaline phosphatase (AKP), stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA-1) and octamer-binding transcription factor (Oct-4). They have a normal chromosome karyotype (40) and can be maintained in an undifferentiated state for extended periods of time. When NF-pES cells were injected into severe combined immunodeficient mice, teratomas with all three embryonic germ layers were obtained. The in vitro differentiation potential of NF-pES cells was analyzed by embryonic bodies (EB) formation. The expression of germ layer markers, such as nestin (ectoderm), desmin (mesoderm), and alpha-fetoprotein (endoderm) demonstrated that the NF-pES cells can differentiate into all three germ layers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".