Internal measurements of Alfvén eigenmodes with heavy ion beam probing in toroidal plasmas*
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Energetic ion driven Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) are believed to be an important element disturbing the transport in a future fusion reactor. The studies of the AE properties in modern toroidal devices have made crucial contributions to the reactor relevant physics. AEs are conventionally studied by magnetic probes (MPs), which provide the poloidal m and toroidal n mode numbers and their spectral characteristics. Heavy ion beam probing (HIBP) has become a new tool to study AEs with high spatial and frequency resolution. HIBP in the TJ-II heliac observes locally (∼1 cm) resolved AEs over the whole radial interval. The set of low- m ( m < 8) modes, detected with the high-frequency resolution (<5 kHz), present different types of AEs. AEs are pronounced in the local density, electric potential and poloidal magnetic field oscillations, detected simultaneously by HIBP in the frequency range 50 kHz < f AE < 300 kHz. Various AE modes are visible in the neutral beam injector (NBI)-heated plasma for co-NBI (<450 kW), counter- (<450 kW) and balanced NBI (<900 kW) from the plasma centre to the edge. A high coherence between MP and HIBP data was found for specific AEs. When the density rises, AE frequency decreases, , and the cross-phase between the plasma density, poloidal magnetic field and potential remains constant. The amplitude of the AE potential oscillations δφ AE ∼ 10 V was estimated. Poloidally resolved density and potential measurements may provide information about the AE poloidal wavelength and the AE contribution to the poloidal electric field E pol and the turbulent particle flux 𝚪 E × B . The typical range of E pol oscillations for AEs is . Depending on the δ n e and δ E pol amplitudes and cross-phase, AEs may make a small or a significant contribution to the turbulent particle flux 𝚪 E × B for the observed wavenumbers k θ < 3 cm −1 .
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.045 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it