Reading Oxidation States of Encapsulated Ferrocenium in Calix[4]arene Heterodimers Immobilized on Gold Dots by Means of a Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Probe
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The oxidation states of encapsulated ferrocenium (Fc + filled in calix[4]arene heterodimers) in the form of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) immobilized on a gold surface were recognized by a 2.2 μm diameter ultramicroelectrode (tip) in combination with scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). By approaching the SECM tip biased at −0.10 V to the vicinity of the encapsulated Fc + moieties, an electrochemical current at the tip was observed, indicating the reduction of the encapsulated Fc + to ferrocene (Fc). On the other hand, no Faradaic current was observed at the tip if the immobilized SAM with encapsulated Fc was beneath the same tip. When the immobilized Fc + is alternated between the two oxidation states by scanning the electrochemical potential applied to the SAM between −0.20 and 0.50 V, an oxidation current appeared and disappeared periodically at the tip biased at 0.40 V, corresponding to the oxidation state exchange of the Fc + beneath it. In this way, the SECM tip can be used to monitor or change the oxidation states of the encapsulated Fc + in the SAM on the gold surface. Two different open circuit potential−time curves were observed for the two oxidation states in the SAM on the gold surface, which confirms that both oxidation states of the encapsulated Fc + are stable. This system might be developed to a molecular memory device with a small SECM tip used as the reading and writing probe.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".